Principles of Assessment Expository of Scientific Report Writing as an Assessment Item

Titian, Venus and the Lutenist Titian’s Venus and the Lutenist portrays Venus laying in an elegant setting set on a bigger peaceful scene. The interweaving of both dignified and peaceful is regular in the high Renaissance and suitable for the work of art as Venus is the sovereign of adoration, magnificence, and nature. The work of art was potentially a wedding blessing to an aristocrat or ruler, and the topic of marriage is reflected in Venus’ ring and the wreath of blossoms that Cupid places over her head. We will compose a custom article test on Titian’s Venus and the Lutenist or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now Trademarks of the elegant, for example, adornments and rich apparel, are engraved with peaceful highlights. Without a doubt, Venus is set upon a peaceful and characteristic scene in light of the fact that â€Å"there is none among [living things] which has not been gotten from affection as from its first and most reverend dad. † (Bembo, Gli Asolani) By setting her inside, laying on extravagant textures, Titian commends and puts a higher incentive on Venus. It appears to set a pecking order where she is at the top, and nature and mankind are underneath. She lays adjacent to an aristocrat playing the lute, which is in itself a cultured instrument and he is looking at her in profound respect. By depicting the aristocrat as youthful, Titian gives Venus a practically maternal quality, playing on the possibility that she is the mother of all things (she is every so often contrasted with Mary. ) She is additionally separate from the scene out of sight by the distinction in the exercises being performed by the figures. Out of sight can be seen sprites and satyrs moving openly, rather than the higher, progressively cultivated Venus in the forefront. Titian settle conflicting estimations of the sixteenth century by honoring and commending a figure of incredible sexuality and underlining Venus’ effect on all of nature through the bigger peaceful scene. The most effective method to refer to Titian’s Venus and the Lutenist, Essay models

Name Essays (1365 words) - Genocides, Racism, Murder,

Name: Educator: Course: Date: Portrayals of War and Genocide Edwidge Danticat's Farming of the Bones depicts annihilation and slaughter in various manners. This exposition focuses on reasons why ever, the Parsley slaughter isn't known as destruction yet rather a slaughter. Slaughter is characterized as the demonstration of mass killing of individuals due to an assortment of reasons; it is unpredictably executing of countless individuals and particularly the less amazing, less force and those that are not insubordinate. Slaughter can likewise be alluded as a demonstration of devastation where not just individuals are butchered by their properties are annihilated too. Slaughter is a demonstration of murdering individuals from a specific ethnic gathering or unfair executing of individuals. In this way, ever, Parsley slaughter is called slaughter since Parsley was about mass killing of defenseless and less lucky individuals because of various reasons. The creator of The Farming Bones, Danticat joins history and fictions to speak to war and annihil ation. This book identifies with the recorded fiction that centers around 1937 slaughter that occurred in the Dominican Republic under the decision of dict ator, Rafael Trujillo (Upchurch ). For this situation, the goal of the creator is to utilize both fiction and history to empower them to comprehend the novel and its topics. The part center around for what reason does the creator notice slaughters in history as far back as the Armenian annihilation however don't make reference to the Parsley slaughter and factors that add to the nonappearance Parsley slaughter ever. There are different reasons why the creator makes reference to slaughters in history yet doesn't specify the Parsley slaughter. To begin with, the creator feels that history has overlooked the occurrence that prompted the passings of individuals from her nation. History makes reference to occasions, for example, Armenian destruction, Holocaust, Rwandan massacre and numerous different occasions that drove misfortune lives. These annihilation verifiable occasions can be alluded to the slaughters since the specific minority bunches the objectives. The structure of the account is implied is to guarantee that worldwide network significantly comprehends levels of shameful acts that were impacted by ethnicity and prejudice and what verifiable awful accidents influenced the two men, ladies and youngsters. Danticat felt that survivors of destructions, for example, Armenian slaughters and others and their sufferings are esteemed are perceived and esteemed as a major aspect of history while Parsley slaughter casualties and their sufferings are not perceived, which is an another type of foul play that they endure. For instance, from the book, the statements Here and there the individuals in the fields, when they're worn out and furious, they state we're a stranded people, he stated, They state we are the Burt muck at the base of the pot. They state a few people don't have a place anyplace and that is us. I state we are a gathering of vwayaje, wayfarers. This is the reason you needed to venture out this far to meet me, since this is the thing that we (Danticat 56) speak to how occasion expands the quantity of vagrants. The creator endeavors to specify slaughters in history to help remember the how a great many individuals used to endure because of unfair reasons. By recounting to the story, the creator focuses on and making attention to the destruction that occurred ever. The passing of Joel and the realities there is no burial service for him speak to the sorts of rates that occurred during massacres referenced ever. The announcements No burial service for Joel, he stated, I needed to cover him in our own territory where he was conceived, I did, however he was too overwhelming to even think about carrying up until now. I covered him where he did in the gorge. I covered him in a field of lemongrass, my child. He brought down his head, letting the tobacco blend drop to his chest. He was one of those kids who developed like weeds in the fields, my child. Didn't require no one or nothing, yet he I'd love his dad. It wasn't ceremonious the manner in which I covered him, I know. No garments, no final re sting place, nothing among him and the dry ground. I needed to give him back to the dirt the manner in which his mom passed him to me on the primary day of his( Danticat 108). This

The Breathing Process Free Essays

The initial phase in the breathing procedure begins with the mind. The mind makes an impression on the stomach, telling it to move. The stomach is a huge vault molded muscle that isolates the chest cavity from the stomach hole and joins to the ribs along the edges and the sternum in the front of the body. We will compose a custom article test on The Breathing Process or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now At the point when the mind advises the stomach to move, it smoothes out, augmenting the thorax of the body, the ribs, and the chest. At the point when the chest extends, it pulls on the lungs, causing a drop in pressure in the lungs contrasted with the weight of the air and air is sucked into the lungs to adjust the weights. There are numerous muscles utilized during the time spent inward breath. The stomach is the most significant. The outer intercostals are outwardly of the ribs, and reach out from rib to rib, in the middle. These muscles help to pull the lower ribs up when the chest is ascending to bring air into the lungs. The levatores costorum are little muscles that stretch out from the vertebrae to the ribs. They likewise help in lifting the ribs upward. The serratus back unrivaled stretch out for the count from the vertebrae to the upper ribs in the back. These muscles additionally help raise the chest. The pectoralis major is the upper chest muscle that fans out from the humerus and additions into the sternum and the clavicle. The pectoralis minor stretches out from the scapula and supplements into the second through fifth ribs. This muscle is likewise fan formed and assists with raising the ribs. The lattissimus dorsi (or â€Å"latts†) is the huge muscle on the back reaching out from the lower vertebrae to the hip bone and from the ribs to the upper arm. This muscle assists with extending the lower some portion of the thorax. The sternocleidomastoid reaches out from the skull to the sternum and clavicle. It assists with pulling the chest upward. The last muscle significant in the demonstration of breathing in is the scalenes, This muscle reaches out from the neck to the first and second ribs and assists with pulling the chest upward. Exhalation: The demonstration of breathing out is practically the specific converse of breathing in. The stomach unwinds and returns into its vault like shape. The ribs, chest, and thorax lower and come back to their normal position. Gravity additionally has an influence in bringing down the chest, ribs, and thorax. The lungs, flexible air sections, and chest divider backlash, and exhalation happens. There are additionally numerous muscles that are engaged with the way toward breathing out. The abs are the essential muscles of exhalation. They pull in a done for movement, assisting with bringing down the chest and agreement the stomach and different muscles. The interior intercostals are within the ribs and reach out between them. They help to pull the ribs descending and internal. The subcostals are likewise within the ribs and expand upward and outward from the lower rib to the higher rib. These muscles likewise help to pull the ribs internal. The serratus back sub-par stretch out up and out from the vertebrae to the four lower ribs and these muscles pull the ribs descending. The quadratus lumborum reaches out from the most minimal rib to the hip bone and grapples the least rib from pull from the stomach. At last, the transversis thoracis expands upward and outward from the lower some portion of the sternum and additions into the second through 6th ribs. This muscle assists with pulling the chest descending. Singing: It is significant in singing to have solid muscles and to utilize the muscles in a right manner to accomplish the most extreme capability of the wind current and of the voice. There are three sorts of breath: Quiet breath, constrained breath, and subglottal pressure. Calm breath is automatic relaxing. It is the kind of breathing that happens at any tranquil state and there is almost no trade of air. Constrained breath is intentional relaxing. It is utilized in hollering, boisterous talking, and singing. It requires dynamic utilization of both the inward breath and exhalation muscles and there is a lot of air traded inside the lungs. Subglottal pressure is presumably the most significant in singing. It is the overpressure of air in the lungs, made by constrained breath. There is constrained wind stream against somewhat shut vocal folds. This kind of breath permits the artist to control wind stream and have a consistent sound. Utilizing right breath control and muscle control will permit a vocalist to accomplish consistent power and sound in their voice. The most effective method to refer to The Breathing Process, Essay models

What You Need To Know About A Presentation College

What You Need To Know About A Presentation CollegeA presentation college is a type of college that is basically for students who want to improve their communication skills and presentation skills. People would not think that a college for this purpose is actually possible, but as they have heard it once can become a reality. One should always be careful in selecting such a college and a professional to choose, but with the right qualification, a good college will help you improve your presentation skills.The purpose of a presentation college is mainly to help the current college students to get information about their professions and to change their presentation skills so that they can appear in the job market. As a result, it will help them to find their field of work and the field they should apply in, which would give them the best opportunities in the career planning. But how can one do this? It is possible if you pick the right college, which means you should always know the req uirements for a presentation college, but the first thing to do is to know what you need from a college to select a university.It is important to have some special skills as this will not just improve your communication skills but will also aid you to know more about the subject matter. There are many colleges that require a certain knowledge about a particular subject, which includes these schools would also help you determine what kind of future you should pursue. However, when it comes to choosing a college, it is important to keep in mind that there are many available for students to choose from and this depends on the ability of the person to select one among them.However, it is important to know that choosing a college has a very long time commitment. Even though a college can improve your skill set, it is still up to you to make the selection. While selecting a school, one should always consider the reputation of the college as it will greatly influence your decision. This is especially true when the college needs a student that can get accepted by different universities because the selection committee will consider the prospective students' resume, interviews and many other things. The next thing to consider is whether you want to contact the college through the college or if you prefer to contact the university directly. While some students prefer to contact the college directly because they do not really trust the faculty, some students prefer the university because they know that the university has their best interest at heart.Contacting the college can be very easy as it will save your time. Just go through the application form and make sure that you fill it completely before you submit it. One should always remember that if a college requires a lot of stuff, then it is very likely that a high percentage of students will fail in getting accepted into the college.Make sure that you fill up all the applications and send them to the college that you h ave selected and then wait for the results. After you get accepted to the college, you can expect an interview with the admissions committee and while they will always try to help you to get admission, it will be up to you to make the selection and get yourself enrolled.

The Chaco Road System - Southwestern Americas Ancient Roads

One of the most fascinating and intriguing aspects of Chaco Canyon is the Chaco Road, a system of roads radiating out from many Anasazi  Great House sites such as Pueblo Bonito, Chetro Ketl and Una Vida, and leading towards small outlier sites and natural features within and beyond the canyon limits. Through satellite images and ground investigations, archaeologists have detected at least eight main roads that together run for more than 180 miles (ca 300 kilometers), and are more than 30 feet (10 meters) wide. These were excavated into a smooth leveled surface in the bedrock or created through the removal of vegetation and soil. The Ancestral Puebloan (Anasazi) residents of Chaco Canyon cut large ramps and stairways into the cliff rock to connect the roadways on the ridgetops of the canyon to the sites on the valley bottoms. The largest roads, constructed at the same time as many of the Great Houses  (Pueblo II phase between AD 1000 and 1125), are: the Great North Road, the South Road, the Coyote Canyon Road, the Chacra Face Road, Ahshislepah Road, Mexican Springs Road, the West Road and the shorter Pintado-Chaco Road. Simple structures like berms and walls are found sometimes aligned along the courses of the roads. Also, some tracts of the roads lead to natural features such as springs, lakes, mountain tops and pinnacles. The Great North Road The longest and most famous of these roads is the Great North Road. The Great North Road originates from different routes close to Pueblo Bonito and Chetro Ketl. These roads converge at Pueblo Alto and from there lead north beyond the Canyon limits. There are no communities along the roads course, apart from small, isolated structures. The Great North Road does not connect Chacoan communities to other major centers outside the canyon. Also, material evidence of trade along the road is scarce. From a purely functional perspective, the road seems to go nowhere. Purposes of the Chaco Road Archaeological interpretations of the Chaco road system are divided between an economic purpose and a symbolic, ideological role linked to ancestral Puebloan beliefs. The system was first discovered at the end of the 19th century, and first excavated and studied in the 1970s. Archaeologists suggested that the roads main purpose was to transport local and exotic goods inside and outside the canyon. Someone also suggested that these large roads were used to quickly move an army from the canyon to the outlier communities, a purpose similar to the road systems known for the Roman empire. This last scenario has long been discarded because of the lack of any evidence of a permanent army. The economic purpose of the Chaco road system is shown by the presence of luxury items at Pueblo Bonito and elsewhere in the canyon. Items such as macaws, turquoise, marine shells, and imported vessels prove the long distance commercial relations Chaco had with other regions. A further suggestion is that the widespread use of timber in Chacoan constructions--a resource not locally available--needed a large and easy transportation system. Chaco Road Religious Significance Other archaeologists think instead that the main purpose of the road system was a religious one, providing pathways for periodic pilgrimages and facilitating regional gatherings for seasonal ceremonies. Furthermore, considering that some of these roads seem to go nowhere, experts suggest that they can be linked--especially the Great North Road--to astronomical observations, solstice marking, and agricultural cycles. This religious explanation is supported by modern Pueblo beliefs about a North Road leading to their place of origin and along which the spirits of the dead travel. According to modern pueblo people, this road represents the connection to the shipapu, the place of emergence of the ancestors. During their journey from the shipapu to the world of the living, the spirits stop along the road and eat the food left for them by the living. What Archaeology tells us About the Chaco Road Astronomy certainly played an important role in Chaco culture, as it is visible in the north-south axis alignment of many ceremonial structures. The main buildings at Pueblo Bonito, for example, are arranged according to this direction and probably served as central places for ceremonial journeys across the landscape. Sparse concentrations of ceramic fragments along the North Road have been related to some sort of ritual activities carried out along the roadway. Isolated structures located on the roadsides as well as on top of the canyon cliffs and ridge crests have been interpreted as shrines related to these activities. Finally, features such as long linear grooves were cut into the bedrock along certain roads which dont seem to point to a specific direction. It has been proposed that these were part of pilgrimage paths followed during ritual ceremonies. Archaeologists agree that the purpose of this road system may have changed through time and that the Chaco Road system probably functioned for both economic and ideological reasons. Its significance for archaeology lies in the possibility to understand the rich and sophisticated cultural expression of ancestral Puebloan societies. Sources This article is a part of the About.com guide to the Anasazi (Ancestral Puebloan) Culture, and the Dictionary of Archaeology. Cordell, Linda 1997 The Archaeology of the Southwest. Second Edition. Academic Press Soafer Anna, Michael P. Marshall and Rolf M. Sinclair 1989 The great North Road: a cosmographic expression of the Chaco culture of New Mexico. In World Archaeoastronomy, edited by Anthony Aveni, Oxford University Press. pp: 365-376 Vivian, R. Gwinn and Bruce Hilpert 2002 The Chaco Handbook. An Encyclopedic Guide. The University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.

Economic Policies Implemented During President Reagans...

Reaganomics refers to economic policies implemented during President Reagan’s administration from 1981-1989. The main ideology of Reaganomics was conservation which promoted that â€Å"government is the problem, not solution†. That means, society and market would function better with limited government power and regulations. Accordingly, Social wealth was distributed by unrestricted market, and profits that capitalists earned would trickle down to the bottom of society. In this way, people were in charge of improving their lives instead of relying on the aid of government. In order to recover from the economic crisis occurred between 1981and1982, the major Reaganomics objectives was to reduce government intervention in business and social aids. The policies were specified as marginal tax cut, tightening money supply, reducing social welfare programs and regulations. Generally, Reaganomics that impact citizens the most would be tax cut, reducing welfares and regulations. First of all, the marginal tax cut was one of the most significant policy in the governing of President Reagan. Starting from 1981, government reduced individual tax (the top tax rate was reduced from 70% to 50 %) and Windfall profit tax. As the Tax reform act of 1986 published, the tax rate of wealthiest Americans was decline to 28 % and corporation tax was decreased to 34%.† In addition, as marginal tax rate for wealthy people decreasing, personal exemption amount increased from $1,080 to $2,000. That means,Show MoreRelatedEssay about The Reagan Tax Cuts And Foreign Policy1376 Words   |  6 PagesCuts and Foreign Policy nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;During the 1980s President Ronald Reagans (our 40th president from 1981 to 1989) domestic policy of a substantial tax cut led to greatly increased economic prosperity for our country. During Reagans administration marked changes were made to the tax code and economic statistics showed a major change for the better. However, at the same time, the Democrats controlled the Congress and continued increased spending against Reagans wishes. The JointRead MoreThe Reagan Tax Cuts and Foreign Policy1442 Words   |  6 PagesCuts and Foreign Policy During the 1980s President Ronald Reagans (our 40th president from 1981 to 1989) domestic policy of a substantial tax cut led to greatly increased economic prosperity for our country. During Reagans administration marked changes were made to the tax code and economic statistics showed a major change for the better. However, at the same time, the Democrats controlled the Congress and continued increased spending against Reagans wishes. The Joint Economic Committee statedRead MoreRonald Reag The President Of The United States2871 Words   |  12 PagesReagan (1911-2004) was the 40th president of the United States of America from January 20, 1981 to January 20, 1989. He was a Republican and served two terms in office. He is considered by many people as one of the greatest presidents in American history. Section 1 of this paper begins by explaining why Reagan is considered a great president by many people, and also gives some background information on the state of the economy he had inherited. Section 2 reflects on Reagan’s domestic record, in particularRead MoreThe United States Economy Expanded During The Ronald Reagan Presidency2795 Words   |  12 PagesUnited States economy expanded during the Ronald Reagan presidency Atreyapurapu Srinivas Karthik Erukula Kowshik Goud Kondalamahanthy Sri Harsha Venkat Aganya Mutupuri Sagi Vivek OPMA-5364-001 Project Management 2015 Summer Dr. Randal Napier Assistant Professor at department of Information Systems and Operations Management Due date 07/20/2015 I. II. III. a) b) c) d) IV. a) b) c) d) e) f) V. VI. VII. VIII. Table of Contents Executive Summary Prior to Reagan Administration Reaganomics Reduce MarginalRead MoreRonald Reag The President Of The United States1787 Words   |  8 PagesTyler Higgins Professor HIS 202 20 November 2015 Ronald Reagan Ronald Reagan served as the 40th President of the United States from 1981 thru 1989. Reagan became a movie actor in his twenties and later became the governor of California from 1967 thru 1975. Ronald Reagan served two terms as president during which he cut taxes, increased defense spending, negotiated an agreement with the Soviet Union to reduce nuclear arms and is also recognized for bringing an end to the Cold War (Rossinow 56)Read MoreThe Legacy Of The Philippines1359 Words   |  6 Pages on my mother’s side, began to emigrate here to the U.S. from the Philippines in the 1980s, during Ronald Reagan’s presidency. My aunt and uncle immigrated in the year 1980 on for my grandfather’s funeral, while my grandmother was petitioned and came in 1985, but my mother did not come to the U.S. until the year 1992. The Philippine government is extremely corrupt, and been overrun and ruled by the dictatorship of the Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos for 15 years. My family had left the PhilippinesRead MoreRonald Reag Foreign Policy2977 Words   |  12 PagesAustin Ferguson April 16th, 2015 Mr. Smith APUSH Research Paper on the Presidents in the 80’s and 90’s Ronald Reagan: Foreign Policy President Reagan’s foreign policy took a sharp turn from his predecessors’ tactics of easing tensions and instead chose to escalate the cold war conflict, arguing the moral superiority of the U.S.’s governmental system and framing the Cold War as a fight between the good and free capitalist United States versus the evil communist regime. (â€Å"Reagan Doctrine at U.SRead MoreThe Reagan Doctrine1899 Words   |  8 PagesDoctrine in 1823, up to the current Obama doctrine, presidential doctrines have dominated United States foreign policy. A presidential doctrine highlights the goals and positions for United States foreign affairs outlined by the sitting president. Many of the country’s major foreign policy successes or disasters can be explained by tracing the doctrines of sitting or previous presidents and analyzing their evolution and eventual impact on world events. After established, a presidential doctrine oftenRead MorePre-Columbian Period9302 Word s   |  38 Pageswhat is now the US. The Iroquois had a politically advanced and unique social structure that was at the very least inspirational if not directly influential to the later development of the democratic United States government, a departure from the strong monarchies from which the Europeans came.[citation needed] [edit] North Americas Moundbuilder Culture A Mississippian priest, with a ceremonial flint mace. Artist Herb Roe, based on a repousse copper plate.Mound Builder is a general term referringRead MoreAnalysis of the Korean Economy4243 Words   |  17 Pagesdevelopment.† (Globaled, p.1). Dating from the Japanese occupation of South Korea , from 1910 thru 1946, then the division of the peninsula enforced by the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics after Japan’s unconditional surrender during WWII; the Republic of Korea (ROK) had gone throughout drastic changes in its social, economic, and political structure, but in the 1960s, under the regime of Park Chung Hee, the Korean government implemented measures to increase export and

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Question: Discuss about the Autism Spectrum Disorder. Answer: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder associated with language and cognitive problem like impaired social skills, repetitive behaviors, speech impairment and challenges in non-verbal communication. The different range of problems under ASD is caused by genetic and environmental influences. The symptoms of autism can be detected between 2 and 3 years. It is necessary to screen and diagnose early to provide necessary intervention to children as soon as possible (Lord et al., 2013). The essay provides an overview of the epidemiology of the developmental disability, common challenges associated with the disorder and known and hypothesized cause of ASD. It particularly describes one therapeutic approach needed to address the disorder and evaluates the effectiveness of the approach by means of critical appraisal of two research articles on the therapeutic approach. In terms of the epidemiology of the ASD in Canada, it is the fastest growing neurological disorder in the country and one in every sixty eight children are currently being diagnosed with ASD. The prevalence of the disease has increased considerably in the last 10 years. The disorder is common in all groups and it is 4 times more common in males than in females (Autism Speaks Canada, 2017).The common characteristics of ASD include difficulties in social interaction, communication, behavior and sensory response. Unusual behavior is seen mainly due to the difficulties in responding to the environment or heightened sensitivity to any stimulus. This leads to unusual behavioral symptoms like repetitive body movement (example-hand flapping), repetitively using certain objects, strictly sticking to same routines, strange sensory interest and avoidance of everyday sounds and certain textures (Harms et al., 2010). The challenges in social interaction is seen as people with ASD fail to maintain relationship and respond to non-verbal forms of communication such as facial expressions, emotions and physical gestures. They fail to interpret needs of others and this impairs their ability enjoy and share interest with others. Another challenging symptoms affected people with autism include delay in language development, initiating and sustaining conversation and repeatedly using certain words or phrases. The degree of speech impairment varies from person to person and those who can speak uses language in unusual ways (Christensen, 2016). The above mentioned challenges in behavioral and social response is seen in people with ASD as a result of genetic predisposition, environmental factors and other unknown factors. The research into the cause of autism reveals inheriting certain genes from parents makes a child more vulnerable to developing ASD (Lichtenstein et al., 2010). Secondly, along with genetic vulnerability to ASD, the risk of developing the condition increases when a person is exposed to specific environmental triggers such as air pollution, heavy metal, born prematurely or exposed in the womb to alcohol and certain medications (Herbert 2010). Other clinical conditions also increases the risk of developing ASD such as muscular dystrophy, Downs syndrome, cerebral palsy and certain rare genetic disorders (Lichtenstein et al., 2010). ASD is a persistent neuro-developmental disorder leading to mild to severe symptoms ad intra-individual variability over time and different context. The neurodevelopmental disorder also leads to poor intellectual functioning and maladaptive behavior in affected person. Co-occurring mental disorder seen in people with autism includes anxiety disorder, depression and attention deficit disorder. They are found to have symptoms of anxiety, mental distress and nervousness. Hence, high level of co-occurring psychiatric problem and emotional disorder is high in patients with ASD and there remains a conceptual challenges in diagnosing and measuring the the problem. In order to treat such mental health disorder, medications or behavioral therapy is needed to control their behavior and reduce the chance of worsening the symptoms (Ozsivadjian, Hibberd, Hollocks, 2014). The research into common behavioral problems seen in children with ASD revealed high rate of sleep, toileting and eating diifi culty, self-injury and sensory related problems. Along with this, frequency of anxiety and aggression is seen irrespective of age and ability of children (Maskey et al., 2013). Intellectual disability is seen in almost 50% of children with ASD, which is associated with behavioral and mental problems. There is a need to observe the function of mental health services and see how they are involved in addressing the characteristics of poor physical functioning, present symptoms and psychosocial problem in affected person (Salomone et al., 2014). Approach to treating the disorder There are many treatment options for addressing behavioral or mental problem in patients with ASD. To address behavioral problems such as develop childrens communication and social skills, behavioral interventions may help to reduce the severity of symptoms. There are many behavioral therapies for treating children with ASD. This may include Applied Behavior Analysis and Pivotal Response Training (Bishop-Fitzpatrick, Minshew, Eack, 2014). Another important and powerful approach to treating children and adults with ASD is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). CBT is a behavioral intervention based on the science of behavior and it takes into account the thought and feelings about people that result in usual behavior in an individual. It is a structure goal-directed approach based on specific plan and sessions for affected individual. It is particularly used to treat clinical manifestations of anxiety and cognitive impairment in people with ASD. The anxiety level is high due to poor res ponse to social interaction and social situations. Although the intervention is not specifically for ASD population, however it is increasingly being used now to improve depressive symptoms, social skills and activity level in ASD people (Weitlauf et al., 2014). A research by Storch et al., (2013) evaluated the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy for addressing anxiety in children with ASD compared to normal treatment. It was a randomized controlled trial in which 45 children (between 7 and 11 years) with high ASD severity were randomized to receive either the CBT or normal treatment for similar period of time. This study was considered important because of the lack of empirically supported interventions for treating anxiety in people with ASD. There are many studies done on the efficacy of psychosocial and pharmacological interventions, however treatment approaches for addressing anxiety has not been addressed in research studies. There is practice recommendation to use CBT in developing children, hence the aim of the research was to evaluate whether CBT can lead too reductions in AST symptoms compared to normal treatment options. The Pediatric Anxiety Rating Scale (PARS) was used to measure the degree of impairment or distress in patient and 11 session of CBT was provided to develop coping skills and treat feared stimuli in participant. The 3-months follow-up of continuous outcome in both group revealed positive results for CBT compared to normal treatment in all outcome measures. However, some of the weakness seen in the study is the use of modest sample size and lack of evaluation of treatment mediators and moderators. Secondly, the time constraints in research may lead to insufficient evaluation of long-term treatment maintenance. Despite the limitation, the study finding is important as it highlights the efficacy of CBT. Hence, CBT can be developed for ASD group considering that there is no pharmacological treatments have met the criteria for efficacy. Another research study evaluated the efficacy of Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention (EIBI) for young children with autism. EIBI utilizes the principal of operant learning to address language and social interaction skills deficits in children with ASD. As mixed outcome has been reported for this intervention in ASD population and there efficacy of the intervention was not clear for all outcome measures. Hence, this study is important as it evaluates the outcome of the intervention in all aspects such as verbal performance, intellectual development and adaptive behavior in ASD people. The systematic review of outcome seen after EIBI program revealed that the participants receiving EIBI intervention outperformed control group in all levels. Improvement was seen in EIBI groups in verbal IQs, expressive language, daily living skills, socialization skills, adaptive behavior skills and communication skills (Peters-Scheffer et al., 2011). Therefore, the study contribute to the limitatio ns found in other studies and effectively demonstrates the efficacy of the intervention in all outcome measures of ASD. However, some limitation found in the meta-analysis is that considerable was seen in the intensity of treatment and participants group. Hence, in order to enhance the rigor of the study, it is necessary that future studies concentrate on child characteristics at the start of treatment to related it to treatment outcome. The essay summarized the epidemiology of ASD in Canada as well as globally. Certain genetic and environmental risk factors are associated with great behavioral, mental and social problem in people with ASD. In order to enhance the ability of children and adults in living with ASD, development of cognitive skills, adaptive behavior and communication skill is necessary. Apart from pharmacological intervention, different types of behavioral interventions and therapy have the potential to develop coping skills of ASD patients and promote development of skills to better manage their developmental disorder and disability. In future, potential behavioral intervention may be strengthened as by means of planning strategies needed to improve outcome in people with varying degree of severe symptoms. This will help promote integrity of treatment and promote cognitive development of people with ASD. Reference Autism Speaks Canada. (2017).Autismspeaks.ca. Retrieved 5 April 2017, from https://www.autismspeaks.ca/about-autism/facts-and-faqs/ Bishop-Fitzpatrick, L., Minshew, N. J., Eack, S. M. (2014). A systematic review of psychosocial interventions for adults with autism spectrum disorders. InAdolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorders(pp. 315-327). Springer New York. Christensen, D. L. (2016). Prevalence and characteristics of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 yearsautism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, 11 sites, United States, 2012.MMWR. Surveillance Summaries,65. Harms, M. B., Martin, A., Wallace, G. L. (2010). Facial emotion recognition in autism spectrum disorders: a review of behavioral and neuroimaging studies.Neuropsychology review,20(3), 290-322. Herbert, M. R. (2010). Contributions of the environment and environmentally vulnerable physiology to autism spectrum disorders.Current opinion in neurology,23(2), 103-110. Lichtenstein, P., Carlstrm, E., Rstam, M., Gillberg, C., Anckarster, H. (2010). The genetics of autism spectrum disorders and related neuropsychiatric disorders in childhood.American Journal of Psychiatry,167(11), 1357-1363. Lord, C., Cook, E. H., Leventhal, B. L., Amaral, D. G. (2013). Autism spectrum disorders.Autism: The Science of Mental Health,28(2), 217. Maskey, M., Warnell, F., Parr, J. R., Le Couteur, A., McConachie, H. (2013). Emotional and behavioural problems in children with autism spectrum disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disorders,43(4), 851-859. Ozsivadjian, A., Hibberd, C., Hollocks, M. J. (2014). Brief report: the use of self-report measures in young people with autism spectrum disorder to access symptoms of anxiety, depression and negative thoughts.Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,44(4), 969-974. Peters-Scheffer, N., Didden, R., Korzilius, H., Sturmey, P. (2011). A meta-analytic study on the effectiveness of comprehensive ABA-based early intervention programs for children with autism spectrum disorders.Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders,5(1), 60-69. Salomone, E., Kutlu, B., Derbyshire, K., McCloy, C., Hastings, R. P., Howlin, P., Charman, T. (2014). Emotional and behavioural problems in children and young people with autism spectrum disorder in specialist autism schools.Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders,8(6), 661-668. Storch, E. A., Arnold, E. B., Lewin, A. B., Nadeau, J. M., Jones, A. M., De Nadai, A. S., ... Murphy, T. K. (2013). The effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy versus treatment as usual for anxiety in children with autism spectrum disorders: a randomized, controlled trial.Journal of the American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry,52(2), 132-142. Weitlauf, A. S., McPheeters, M. L., Peters, B., Sathe, N., Travis, R., Aiello, R., ... Warren, Z. (2014). Therapies for children with autism spectrum disorder. Autism Spectrum Disorder Question: Discuss about theAutism Spectrum Disorder. Answer: Introduction The term autism is derived from the Greek word autos meaning self. Precisely speaking, autism is a neurobehavioral and neuropsychological disorder covering a wide range of symptoms and impairments, and is so called Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) (Lauritsen, 2013). However, autistic patients may have unexpectedly developed skills such as singing songs, playing music, solving mathematical puzzles and few more even in above-average range. ASD is usually noticeable within three years of age. Disorders observed in ASD are also called pervasive developmental disorders. Autism has been categorized under DSM IV or fourth edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of mental disorders (Volkmar et al., 2014). Autistic people show inadequacy in social communication and show repetitive behaviors. ASD is linked to neural development and genetics thus showing abnormality in brain development and development of Central Nervous System (CNS). This lifelong disability is diagnosed mainly by observing abnormal behaviors. Autism may be mild or severe depending upon its severity. Autism Spectrum Disorder is a complex neurobehavioral syndrome in children showing deficiency in certain key areas such as non-verbal and verbal communication, imaginative play as well as social interactions and awareness. Some autistic children even shows repetitive and stereotyped bodily movements like flapping hands or rocking. Affected ones show resistance to alteration in their daily routines, self-injurious or aggressive behaviors and respond unusually to people. People with ASD show cognitive impairment to a certain extent but show exceptional skill development in few areas. Brain-behavior connection has been established by the neuropsychological theories. The cognitive theories of Central Coherence, Executive Function and Mind have also helped in establishing the same (Volkmar et al., 2014). Some of the children affected by ASD develop seizures early while some may not develop the same until adolescence. Under the roof of ASD there are a number of disorders namely: Autistic Disorder: People with autism face problems in communication and social interaction. Aspergers Syndrome: These people have very little problem with language and score generally above-average range upon intelligence test but have problems in social communication. PDD or Stypical Autism: Children falling under this category (a type of catch-all category) show some of the autistic behaviors but not all and do not fall under other categories. Childhood Disintegrative Disorder: Children with this extremely rare disorder show normal development till about two years but majority of their communication and social skills are lost after that (Lauritsen, 2013). The estimated prevalence of ASD according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) was 14.9 per 1000 children in 2015. The rates have been increasing steadily. From the reports it has been seen that prevalence among males (18.5 per 1000) is higher than in females (4.5 per 1000). Earlier diagnosis has shown fruitful results in improvement of the condition of the child with ASD. CDC study also found that prevalence in white non-Hispanic children was 12 per 1000, 10.4 per 1000 among black non-Hispanic ones and 8 per 1000 among Hispanic children (Kim et al., 2014). No exact risk factors for ASD have however been found. The particular areas of deficiency may vary in individuals, but the common neuropsychological deficits observed in ASD are: Impairment in interaction and communication with the society such as eye contact, bodily postures, lack of attachment with the society, lack of development in speech and language, lack of proper cognitive development, failure in development of peer relationship, lack of emotional reciprocity and few others (Schriber, Robins Solomon, 2014). Most children having ASD show specific gestures to communicate with near ones.Some of the children with ASD also exhibit echolalia or repeating words of other people. According to Baron-Cohen people with ASD exhibit mind-blindness that is they are unable to read others mental condition or intentions relating to the situations as normal people do (Schriber, Robins Solomon, 2014). People with ASD also exhibit deficiency in joint-attention such as difficulty in social orientation, restriction in communicative functions and few more. They also meet feeding and sensory challenges such as variation in responses to environmental or social stimuli as well as rejection or acceptance of food based on its presentation style (Schriber, Robins Solomon, 2014). Deficiency in regulation of behavior and emotions includes difficulty in sleeping, crying-laughing or showing aggression or anger in improper times and many others similar to these. The neuro-anatomical changes in people with ASD include differential development of brain (cortical volume- CV and cortical thickness- CT) at different ages. Dysmaturation of CV extends till adulthood affecting brain regions necessary for language development and social cognition. It is compelled by dysmaturation of CT (Eilam-Stock et al., 2016). It may reflect basic abnormalities in plasticity of cortex and subordinate abnormalities in interactions between ASD affected individuals with their environment. Neuropathology refers to the study of diseases of the tissues of the nervous system either by surgical biopsies or by whole-body autopsies. Gross neuropathology deals with the morphological abnormalities observed in the brains of the ones affected with ASD. Neuropathology has also revealed that ASD affected ones have approximately 67% more neurons in comparison to controls. It has also identified the existence of supernumerary neurons due to abnormality in migration or failure of apoptosis (Chen et al., 2015). Epidemiology of ASD refers to the study of factors affecting ASD. Genetic epidemiology has provided evidences that about 12-15% ASD cases have chromosomal abnormality, Mendelian condition or other syndromes. Pre-natal risk factors include bleeding and use of psychiatric drugs by women during pregnancy, advanced age of parents, diabetes. It may also happen due to obesity or low-weight during pregnancy (Hill, Zuckerman Fombonne, 2015). Also hospitalization of women during pregnancy due to psychiatric disorder may result in ASD in children. No medication can completely cure ASD but can help patients to function better like managing seizures or depressions. Medicines do not affect all individuals to the same extent. Progression of the ASD affected ones should be monitored closely for maintenance of better physical and mental health. Early intervention can improve the condition of a child with ASD. However besides medication communication and behavior approaches, dietary approaches, auditory training, vitamin therapy, discrete trial training and few more can give better results in improving the conditions of the ASD affected ones (Bishop-Fitzpatrick, Minshew Eack, 2014). ASD is a lifelong disorder that cannot be cured completely. Only betterment of lifestyle can be made. ASD affected ones generally require both mental and physical care to execute the functions of their daily lives. Actual cause has not yet been discovered but researches are going on. Over the time its prevalence has markedly risen. ASD affected ones generally gain excellence in specific skills and so they should be encouraged to enhance that skill. The society and the family along with the neuro-pathologists and the psychiatrists should come up to help them lead a normal and better life. References: Bishop-Fitzpatrick, L., Minshew, N. J., Eack, S. M. (2014). A systematic review of psychosocial interventions for adults with autism spectrum disorders. InAdolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorders(pp. 315-327). Springer New York. Chen, J. A., Peagarikano, O., Belgard, T. G., Swarup, V., Geschwind, D. H. (2015). The emerging picture of autism spectrum disorder: genetics and pathology.Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease,10, 111-144. Eilam-Stock, T., Wu, T., Spagna, A., Egan, L. J., Fan, J. (2016). Neuroanatomical alterations in high-functioning adults with autism spectrum disorder.Frontiers in Neuroscience,10. Hill, A. P., Zuckerman, K., Fombonne, E. (2015). Epidemiology of autism spectrum disorders. InTranslational Approaches to Autism Spectrum Disorder(pp. 13-38). Springer International Publishing. Kim, Y. S., Fombonne, E., Koh, Y. J., Kim, S. J., Cheon, K. A., Leventhal, B. L. (2014). A comparison of DSM-IV pervasive developmental disorder and DSM-5 autism spectrum disorder prevalence in an epidemiologic sample.Journal of the American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry,53(5), 500-508. Lauritsen, M. B. (2013). Autism spectrum disorders.European child adolescent psychiatry,22(1), 37-42. Schriber, R. A., Robins, R. W., Solomon, M. (2014). Personality and self-insight in individuals with autism spectrum disorder.Journal of personality and social psychology,106(1), 112. Volkmar, F., Rogers, S., Paul, R., Pelphrey, K. A. (2014). Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders.