Deng Xiaoping and the Chinese Cultural Revolution Essays

Deng Xiaoping and the Chinese Cultural Revolution Essays Deng Xiaoping and the Chinese Cultural Revolution Essay Deng Xiaoping and the Chinese Cultural Revolution Essay How effective was Eden Gapping as a leader? People can define an effective leader in many ways but how I define an effective leader is when a leader is able to overcome problems thoroughly, replicates success and having leadership qualities. A leader that can overcome thoroughly means that the leader is able to face his/heres problems and solving it the best way he/she can. When a leader replicates success it means that the leader achieves their goal and that is what can define success. Having leadership qualities Is when a leader has leadership traits such as confidence, open-mindedness, perseverance) which makes them an effective leader. But not all leadership qualities or traits are required for the leader to be an effective leader because there are no such thing as a perfect leader but there are leaders who are effective by using the leadership traits that each leader has and develops. When a leader can overcome problems, replicates success and has leadership qualities. That shows that, that leader Is what defines what an effective leader Is. Eden Gapping became a Chinese communist leader who ruled China from the late asss until 1997. Eden Gapping needed to go through obstacles in order to finally become a leader. Firstly, during the Cultural Revolution (date) he lost all his power and was sent to Gaining for three years to do manual labor, he was also branded as the number two capitalist reader Mao did this to Eden Gapping because he saw Eden Gapping as a threat to his reform. On January 1 975 when Chou Anneal died Eden Gapping replaced Chou Anneals role in the Party he became the person In charge of all the routine work of the Party and the state. But It was not over for Eden Gapping he deed to face a struggle with the Gang of Four. But finally on July 1977 he had earned enormous prestige in the Party and among the people and was reinstated again. When Eden Gapping became the leader, China was going through the change that was affected by Mayos revolutionary years Including the Cultural Revolution, which was Mayos last reform for China. The Cultural Revolution caused Chinas economy to collapse, It Increased poverty rate In china, some people lost their Jobs and education level decreased. In 1981, Eden strengthened his position by replacing Huh Goofing with his proto ©g © follower or trainee), Huh Yapping, and together the economic reforms in China were introduced. Eden Shapings goal was to modernize China, improve Chinas economy and globalize China. HIS act In order to reach his goals would be establishing the four modernization, which Eden Gapping promoted in the speech he recited at a working conference of the Central Committee. The four modernization were to modernize areas of agriculture, industry technology and defense. His reforms in order to attain the four modernization were based on capitalist models, such as his act of allowing ere market, supporting foreign Investments and Increasing education level in China. Achieve the goal of the four modernization. The nine-year compulsory education was introduced and plans were carried out to eliminate illiteracy. This shows how effective Eden Gapping was as a leader because he saw the importance of education in order to continuously modernize China and to successfully go on with the four modernization. This also shows another success from Eden Gapping because his education reforms increased the education level in China and it encouraged intellectuals who were discouraged when Mao was leading. Dense supported foreign investments and tried to modernize the industries by implementing special economic zones in various regions (economic laws differed at those areas to make them more business-friendly). Businesses soon flourished in these areas and the industries were slowly getting modernized in these areas. Technology was also modernized by the spread of propaganda that encouraged intellectuals who were discouraged when Mao was leading and they would be the people who would help modernize technology in China. Eden strengthened his relationship with the West and in January 1979, he signed accords with President Jimmy Carter, and later that year the United States granted full diplomatic recognition to the Peoples Republic of China. This act of Eden, opening up China in order to modernize China shows how effective he was as a leader because by making these changes and putting up the systems he showed how his reforms led to success. Because by opening foreign investments he succeeded to modernize technology in China and globalize China, preventing China from isolation that was built during the Cultural Revolution. One of Eden Shapings approaches in order to improve Chinas economy was by creating and allowing free market. Eden changed Communism in China by adding some capitalist features to its economy. For example, farmers were able to own land, people could run their own businesses and productive workers could earn bonuses. By the end of 1980, Chinas food shortage problems were solved and the agriculture sector was modernized. His reforms to improve Chinas economy affect it greatly that the poverty rate in China decreased, it went from 53% to 12% and on 1992 several hundred million Chinese citizens had been lifted out of poverty. This shows how effective Eden Gapping was as a leader because his act of allowing free market was ally effective in motivating workers in order to generate profits in China that was large enough to modernize China and bring out his other reforms. This also shows how effective he was as a leader because he opened peoples eyes, that there is still a chance to improve Chinas economy and doing this has been effective in recovering Chinas economy after the Cultural Revolution. Besides the success that Eden Gapping had with his reforms he also needed to face obstacles as a leader. The first obstacle he had to face was his Journey in order to become the leader of China. Mao Sedona and the Gang of four was Eden Shapings retreat barrier of becoming a leader in China because they saw him as a threat. But enormous prestige in the Party and among the people, which made Eden rise to power because of the help of his supporters. This shows how Eden was such an effective leader because he was able to overcome the Gang of four, he did not make further problems with them instead he defeated them by gaining more followers in order to rise to power. But it was not the end of problems for Eden Gapping. In fact there were people who criticized his reforms. Especially those people who were strongly against his capitalistic ideas. But it did not stop Eden in continuing his four modernization. Eden Gapping had many leadership traits and this shows how effective he was as a leader because his leadership traits helped increased the economic growth in China vastly. His greatest leadership traits would be open-mindedness and perseverance. He showed open-mindedness all the way through his years as becoming Chinas leader which helped his reforms to success. When he allowed free market it shows that he added capitalist features to Chinas economy. Despite the fact that he is a Communist it still did not stop him to allow free market in China. This shows how open-minded he was in order to improve Chinas economy, he did not care whether the idea is capitalistic or communism, what matters to him is how effective that change would be to help China. (date) in this point it led to a famous statement that Eden Gapping pointed out to one of his critics who was criticizing him for allowing free market because its capitalistic. He said, Whether a cat is black or white, it does not matter as long as it catches a mice, it is a good cat. This statement gives an even bigger impression that shows how open-minded Eden was as a leader because it wows how his aim was to improve China in different aspects and it does not bother him whether the ideas of improving China is something out of the usual (communism) because he will always consider different ideas and perspectives in order to improve China. Eden Gapping also showed perseverance throughout his time as a leader. He was brought down so many times by Mao because Mao opposed him and saw him as a threat. Eden Gapping never gave up he kept trying to always get back to his position in the party and finally he got reinstated. Eden Gapping was a very effective leader his reforms were so successful in achieving his goals. Which was modernizing China, improving Chinas economy and globalize China. An effective leader replicates success, able to overcome problems thoroughly and having leadership qualities. Eden Gapping did and had all three of them he showed success in establishing the four modernization and bring out his reforms in order to achieve his goals. Despite the success he had, he also needed to go through obstacles and challenges especially in his Journey of becoming Chinas leader, Mao Sedona and the Gang of four held him back in bringing Dense revolution to China. He also needed to face challenges during his time as a leader such as people who opposed his capitalistic ideas. Eden also showed many leadership traits such as open-mindedness and that trait helped him achieved his goal in order to succeed in Second Question: What were the changes that happened during this event? For this response, I will be using the Cultural Revolution for the basis of my comments. This event took place from 1966 to 1976. Mao Sedona, who was a Chinese Communist leader, was the one who led the Cultural Revolution. His intentions in doing this revolution were to enforce socialism within the country by eliminating cultural, capitalist and traditional elements. In August, 1966 Mao Sedona introduced China to the Four Olds: old customs, old culture, old habits and old ideas. He also called for the start of a Cultural Revolution. Mao earned followers that would help him achieve his goals and they were called the Red Guards. The Red Guards were students or people who were in their teens and Mao was able to gather many student volunteers because the Red Guards had much respect and many awards. They were told to get rid of the four olds and were told to attack people who supported capitalist. Education also changed in China, during the Cultural Revolution. In June 1966 schools ND Universities were closed down. It changed many Chinese students lives. They were forced to farm and do manual labor and there were many students who volunteered to be a part of the red-guards. This changed education level in China because many students were not able in completing school and many students dropped out since the government changed the schools education system by the need of teaching the values of the Cultural Revolution in schools. Four million high school and college graduates and sixteen million students were sent to the farmland where they ended up working in the farms and performing manual labor. Mao not seeing the importance of education during Cultural Revolution changed China because many talented students who might be able to bring change to China and who were supposedly the next generation to bring out a better future for China were all wasted because they were stuck working in the field until the revolution ended. The Cultural Revolution also made a change to the Chinese culture. As it is one of the goals of the four olds which was to abolish old cultures. It changed Chinas society; many religions were at risk. The Red Guards damaged and destroyed religious buildings. The Cultural Revolution also changed foreign cultures that were brought to China such as clearing the way of music, plays, ballets, painting, short stories and poetry. The Cultural Revolution also changed the countryside in China. There was an increase of peasants because 80 percent of Chinas population was in the countryside. Due to the decreased production the price people of Chinas needs all increased and it changed most peoples lives in China also because it led many Chinese it became hard for most of them to find food for their families especially when politicians, landowners, and the high-class society lost their Jobs and repertories, which changed their lifestyle. They need to work in the farms in order to afford food and earn money for their families. The land reform brought an end to landlords ownership of the land and their tyrannical (cruel, power) rule over peasants and this changed the gap between the rural and urban. But it led to more citizens becoming peasants. Mao did this because he wanted no gap between urban and rural, laborers and intellectuals. This led to a change in Chinas living standard. The lives of many Chinese changed and there was a change in the number of population that was living in the countryside, which also led to a change of poverty rate in China. In the countryside, each commune had a health network, which included a large clinic or hospital, health stations and medical room at the village level. This helped changed Chinas health care it made Chinas health care improved, in cities as well. By the early sasss, Shanghai had a lower infant mortality rate than New York City as the time. Life expectancy under Mao doubled from 32 years in 1949 to 65 years in 1976. Changes in industrial production happened during the Cultural Revolution. Chinas industry and agriculture decreased. Prizes and bonuses for town workers were abolished and this effected their motivation in order to earn profit. There was also a change in production and many failed to produce enough crops even to meet the quotas. Changes that happened Chinas in industrial production affected China in other ways such as making change in poverty rate of China and changing Chinas living of standard. The Cultural Revolution definitely made China step backwards in their economy. Overall the Cultural Revolution did brought change to China. The change that Mao planned for China was successfully done but it did not mean that those changes always did a great impact to China. When change happens there will always be a different side in it, not all changes will always create great actions but it can also create dreadful actions, it depends on which side youre in. And the change that happened during the Cultural Revolution could be considered precious or awful. Mao aimed for the Cultural Revolution in order to change China to become more focused in socialism and by abolishing the four olds. He achieved all the changes in China at the end of the Cultural Revolution, China became a country that was written socialism around them, people who advocates capitalism was either tortured or intended to death, and his aim in making Chinas youth became less educated and mindless was done. The Cultural Revolution did changes that affected Chinas economy to collapse, brought down education, made a decrease of industrial China. Despite the negative changes that were made, there were also changes that brought a good start in China. After the Cultural Revolution there was an improvement in health care people who lived in rural areas were provided with health networks. These changes helped improve the health care in China by also increasing Chinas life expectancy.